What field studies diseases, their causes, and diagnoses?

The field that studies diseases, their causes, and diagnoses is pathology. Pathology involves examining tissues, cells, and organs to understand how diseases develop and progress. This branch of medicine plays a crucial role in diagnosing illnesses by analyzing laboratory specimens, which can provide significant insight into the nature of diseases.

Pathology encompasses various subspecialties, including clinical pathology and anatomic pathology, both of which contribute to understanding the mechanisms underlying disease processes, identifying the presence of disease, and aiding in determining treatment strategies. Thus, the focus on disease causation and diagnosis solidifies pathology as the appropriate field in this context.

While forensic anthropology relates to the identification of human remains, criminal justice deals with laws and the legal system, and toxicology focuses on the effects and detection of poisons or toxins, none of these areas concentrate specifically on the study of diseases and their diagnostic processes like pathology does.